The overall project objective was to contribute to carbon dioxide emissions reduction by stimulating self-replicable technological and institutional changes that would promote coal to gas conversion in small and medium boilers; inducing more energy-efficient practices in the architectural design and operation of new residential buildings; demonstrating interfuel substitution and technological innovation to improve overall energy efficiency throughout the heat supply chain, as a means of reducing CO2 emissions; and building up institutional capacity in making judgments about the ability of a project to capture global externalities, such as CO2 emission abatement.